REMINDER FOR ALL POSTINGS:
PLEASE INCLUDE YOUR FIRST NAME, LAST INITIAL, PERIOD NUMBER AND TOPIC:NATIONAL SECURITY
PROTECTION OF U.S. CITIZENS, INVESTMENTS AND TRADE
PROMOTION OF DEMOCRACY
PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL PEACE
PLEASE INCLUDE YOUR FIRST NAME, LAST INITIAL, PERIOD NUMBER AND TOPIC:NATIONAL SECURITY
PROTECTION OF U.S. CITIZENS, INVESTMENTS AND TRADE
PROMOTION OF DEMOCRACY
PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL PEACE
Cara S. 3/5/09
ReplyDeletePer.1
Latin America- Promotion of Democracy
The U.S. has been promoting Democracy in many countries for many years. The U.S. wanted to rid Latin America of all eastern powers and help them gain independence. Then they wanted to promote democracy to gain access to there resources and use land. This would help the U.S.’s economy. The Monroe Doctrine stated that all eastern powers were to stay in the east and the west would stay in the west. This helped the U.S. promote democracy and imperialize them.
Theodor Roosevelt took office after William McKinley’s assassination. He began to renew the navy. He wanted to connect the Atlantic and Pacific oceans for a faster rout. The canal would become of vital importance. The French had the rights to the building of the canal but many workers began to experience tropical diseases. Roosevelt was prepared to pay $40 million dollars for the rights. He negotiated with Columbia for control of the land. He even offered to pay $10 million dollars for fifty strip of isthmus. The Columbians refused. Then Panama canals chief engineer organized a revolt against Columbia. Roosevelt sent down a battle ship to help the new government. He wanted to help them establish a democratic government. The rebels then accepted Roosevelt’s offer. Then the U.S. had control of the Panama Canal.
There were many events that helped the U.S. gain control of the Panama Canal and promote democracy. It started out with the Hay Pauncefote Treaty in 1901. That’s when Great Britain gives up the canal building to the U.S. Then in 1903 Roosevelt helps the Panama rebels fight the Columbian government and gain their independence. In 1904 Roosevelt enforces the Monroe Doctrine and says the U.S. will be the police of the Caribbean. In 1909 Taft believes that more U.S. investment would bring stability and economic prosperity to Latin America, he called it the “Dollar Diplomacy”.
The promotion of Democracy has been going on for many years. The U.S. helped Latin America get rid of all eastern powers by enforcing the Monroe Doctrine. The Doctrine stated that all hemispheres would stay in the own hemisphere. That’s how they could help countries in Latin America become independent and become Democratic.
Nicole A., Period 3
ReplyDeleteGeneral History of Latin America
Imperialism is when a country expands its borders to other areas outside its country. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the United States changed their policy and started to expand its influences around the world. One place they did this was in Latin America. During this time, the United States intervened into many of Latin America’s social affairs, and eventually gained control over much of the area. This shows that the United States and Latin America had a lot of contact during the time of imperialism.
Contact between the United States and Latin America began in 1846 when the U.S. wanted to add Texas and California to the country. During this time, America believed in manifest destiny, the belief that they could expand from one ocean to another. While trying to gain control of these areas, the U.S. provoked war with Mexico and eventually won them over and gained control of Texas and California. This would prevent war from breaking out right now, but soon it would become inevitable. First, however, William Walker, an adventurer from the U.S., would invade Nicaragua in 1855 and rule there for two years. After this things were quiet for a time until war would break out again in 1898 against the U.S. and Spain. This resulted in the U.S. annexing Guam, Peurto Rico, Hawaii, and the Philippines. Then during the 1900’s the U.S. invaded Nicaragua and stayed until 1933. As time went on, the U.S. succeeded in invading and overthrowing many of the areas in Latin America. Overall, this shows how the U.S. was able to take control of many of the areas in Latin America.
During this time period, the media was also taking off and becoming a main contender in influencing the lives of many. For example, during the Spanish-American War, the idea of yellow journalism, a style of journalism, took place. This type of journalistic writing influenced the events that pushed the U.S. into war with Spain. This shows how the press was a main figure during this time period in driving the Spanish-American war and making the U.S. a world leader.
Overall, imperialism influenced the United States to become more powerful as they expanded their borders to new areas of the world during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
http://web.archive.org/web/20001205231700/http://kuhttp.cc.ukans.edu/cwis/organizations/las/interven.htm
CurranK. History Mr.Harris
ReplyDeleteLatin America
Promotion of human rights
and international peace
The United States has been trying to promote human rights and international
peace throughout the world for many years. Specifically the United States has been in Latin America for a long time influencing them of human rights and international peace.
The U.S. army has been energetically trying to promote human rights in Latin America for a long time. The U.S. Department of Defense’s (DOD’s) has put a large effort toward the promotion of human rights and international peace.
The United States has been promoting human rights in Latin America for a long time, one major thing the United States has been working on to promote human rights is speaking of democracy and telling people in these Latin American countries about the rights people gain because of democracy. Due to the cold war and fear of communism the United States was brought into Latin America to promote Democracy and demote the spread of communism. The United States gave political and honorable support to countries in Latin America under rule by other European nations.
Due to The United States promotion of human rights and democracy many countries in Latin America have been successfully transformed into democracy.
Many countries in Latin America today are very influenced by the United States’ political system.
Nicole A., Period 3
ReplyDeleteVocabulary Words
1. Imperialism- when a country expands its borders to other areas.
2. Spanish-American War- armed military conflict between Spain and the U.S.
3. Yellow Journalism- a style of journalism that took place during the 1890's.
4. Manifest Destiny- the belief that one country could expand from one sea to another.
5. Annexation- legal incorporation of one country into another area.
6. Nationalism- the atitude of the members of an area.
7. USS Maine- ship used in the Spanish-American War.
8. Phillippines, Puerto Rico, Guam- other territories in Latin America that the U.S. gained control of in 1898.
9. Expansionism- expansionist policies of government, promoted economic growth.
10. Treaty of Paris- treaty that ended the Spanish-American War.
Francesca C. period 4
ReplyDeleteLatin America – History of Foreign Affairs
United States involvement with Latin America stretched over such a lengthy period of time that the foreign affairs the country had with the region included several presidents and events. In 1891, Chilean rebels attacked American troops, killing several sailors. Chile was forced to pay $75,000 to compensate for the attack. In 1893, president Cleveland sent troops to Rio de Janeiro to protect the shipping interests of the nation. In 1895, the dispute over who would be in possession of the border between Venezuela and British Guiana heightened when it was discovered how rich in minerals the border was. The United States reminded Britain of the policies outlined in the Monroe Doctrine. The United States and Britain agreed to settle the dispute through arbitration.
In 1898, The United States intervened with Cuba’s fight for independence under the presidency of William McKinley. The end of the war brought a truce in Cuba, Cuban independence, compensation for the sinking of the USS Maine, and the acquisition of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as United States territories.
When the United States acquired their new territories, an entire series of Supreme Court cases followed. Called the Insular Cases, these cases dealt with the policies and laws to be applicable in territories. They were debated intensely to figure whether or not Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines fit into the constitutional laws that applied to the rest of the United States.
Allie L.
ReplyDeletePeriod 4
The United States helped Latin America receive freedom from Columbia. They wanted to build the Panama Canal, and since at the time panama was controlled by Columbia he had to get there permission to build the canal. Columbia refused and then Theodore Roosevelt said that if Latin America wanted to revolt the United States would support it, and the Navy would help them. He also agreed to give them 10 million dollars for fifty strip of isthmus. When both parties were finished the Hay-Herran treaty was signed. Since the United States helped out Latin America in return they received the Panama Canal on February 23rd. There were many other events that helped the u.s gain the Panama Canal as well. Theodore Roosevelt also enforced the Monroe doctrine saying the United States was going to help out the Caribbean. The Monroe doctrine also stated that countries had to stay within their hemispheres.
Francesca C. period 4
ReplyDelete(Post 2)
During the Spanish American war, a form of media known as “yellow journalism” became much more popular. Yellow journalism was scandalous and often exaggerated stories of current events. The yellow journalism in newspapers published stories criticizing the Spanish’s treatment towards their colonies.
All in all, the United States intervened with Latin America frequently. These interventions have provided the basis of our relationships with several Spanish territories, a few of which are now United States territories.
Period 4
ReplyDeleteLatin America
Promotion of Democracy
Jon Horn
Promotion of Democracy
Panama Canal
The year is 1881, the New world. A French company, after successfully constructing the Suez Canal, had now focused their attention towards constructing the Panama Canal. Due to the overwhelming complexity and financial expense in building such canal, the French could not successfully achieve their goal. This did not, however, deter the United States interest in a Trans-isthmian canal in the same area. By the end of the 19th century there was a great interest in speeding up the shipping of goods from the east coast to the west coast, and the Panama Canal provided a shorter route to the other side of North America. President McKinley pointed out, during the Spanish-American War, that the lag of 98 days of sailing of Navy ships from the west coast to the Caribbean was unacceptable. And so he declared that a U.S controlled isthmian canal would benefit our country, and that it was our nation’s objective to do so. President Ulysses, and Rutherford B. Hayes, before him were determined to achieve this goal as well.
President Theodore Roosevelt saw the practical aspects to building the canal, and did not just look at this as a plot of land to sail our ships in and out through. He knew that aside from geographic aspects, there were other, political aspects that had to be taken into consideration. What exactly are these Political aspects? Well to begin with, although this canal was being built on the same continent, the canal was to be built in an area outside the United states, and in order to commence construction, we had to first obtain permission from the Panama government. In order to do this, America would have to show the Panamanians that it was a good idea to build a U.S. controlled canal in their territory. We faced many problems in doing so, however. The first problem we faced was the fact that Panama was under the control of the Colombians. We attempted to reach an agreement with the Colombian government by offering $10 million and royalties in exchange for the rights to build and control the canal. The offer, however, was rejected by the Colombian senate, and no agreement was ever reached. We had to then resort to turning our attention not to the Colombians, but instead the Panamanians, whom which they controlled.
Roosevelt looked to the Panamanian minority conservative land holders and encouraged them to stand up to the Colombians and demand independence. To assist these people, Roosevelt offered military support to the Panamanians, in the manner of a blockade to prevent the Colombian Military from intervening with the voices of the rebellion. Finding a Panamanian cooperative enough to sign the treaty and ratify the rights to build the canal did not prove difficult. Philippe Bunau-Varilla, who represented the Panama Canal Company was more than willing to sign this treaty in order to keep the Company solvent, and still in business. The signing of the Treaty marked the success of Roosevelt’s plan of promoting democracy, and the goal of establishing a stable, safer place to build the canal. At the same time, promoting democracy in Panama served America’s foreign Policy goals.
The path of the American Foreign Policy to keeping the democracy in the Panama Canal still was still a rocky one. America still needed to placate the Colombian government in order to keep Panama Independent and democratic. The Colombians still felt unrest toward our policy, but despite their complaints, they still accepted a treaty including an offering of $25 million as a token of apology.
Alas, we still face yet another crisis, riots broke out in 1964 demanding that the United States return the Panama Canal Zone to the Panamanians. The Chaos created had threatened the fragile democracy in Panama, making the country vulnerable to dictatorship. This incident has been known to this day, as Martyr’s Day and led the United states to consider this request, or better yet demand. In 1977, Jimmy Carter signs the Torrijos-Carter Treaties, and renegotiates the original treaty in hopes of keeping Panama a stable democracy, friendly to America and capable of honoring the treaty. The Treaty will turn the Panama Canal Zone to Panama control in 1999. The most recent crisis occurred in 1989, as panama slips from democracy to the dictatorship of Manuel Noriega. This turn of events was at odds with America’s foreign policy of promoting democracy in Panama, and threatened to politically destabilize the Canal Zone. President Reagan took the steps required to remove Noriega under the pretext of smuggling illegal drugs into the United States.
The United States foreign policy in Panama is to establish and promote democracy in Panama, and to protect our vital interest in the Panama Canal. Many Presidents have continued this policy from the 1800s up until the present day. The original desire for the canal, for purposes of commerce and security required the United States to adopt a policy that would establish a stable place to construct such canal; a place in a foreign land that could still be controlled by the United States. The policy that developed was one of promoting Democracy. In countries where dictators rule, you may have to renegotiate your treaties with every new dictator, and the unpredictability of dictators makes it difficult to assure that you can continue to control something in the country, in this case the canal. With a democracy you’re dealing with a government, one that’s more likely to accept your treaties with the change of leaders. Personally I feel that America’s promotion of democracy has more or less worked for America, for more or less for the most part, the United States has kept control over this canal for one hundred years. What do you think?
Vocabulary words used during the time period:
“White Fleet”: Roosevelt’s fleet
“Yellow Journalism”: inflammatory journalism that attempted to stir people’s feelings against the Spanish before the Spanish-American war.
“Martyrs Day”: when Panama rioted for Americans to return the Panama Canal Zone to the Panamanians.
“Coup”: short for “Coup d’etat” a violent overthrow of a government.
Works cited:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama#Independence
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyrs%27_Day_(Panama) http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761553518/Hay-Pauncefote_Treaty.html
http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~hbf/panama.htm
U.S. Relations with Spanish America: The Building of the Panamanian Canal
http://mrharris101.com
Dave R. Per. 5
ReplyDeleteLatin America: National Security
Near the end of the 19th century many Americans believed that the manifest destiny was not only to have the entire North American continent, but to influence the rest of the world. During American Imperialism, gaining control over new areas established the U.S. as a world power. Resulting from the Spanish-American War, the U.S. had a secure standing in areas of Latin America; Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. The U.S. also had the right to build naval bases in Cuba.
The Monroe Doctrine, created in 1823, showed the United States’ interest in Latin America, and how the U.S. wanted to keep European influence away from Latin America. In 1904 President Theodore Roosevelt made a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine which stated that the U.S. would police the region to keep order. The intent was to keep European influence away while also protecting investments from the U.S. and Europe. Later on President William Taft used “dollar diplomacy” to protect U.S. investments. This is an aggressive promotion of foreign policy. An example of the U.S. doing so was in 1905, when the Dominican Republic owed $40 million in debt to European lenders. The U.S. declared that $20 million of the debt was “unjustified” and began to repay the rest, all to prevent European nations from using military force.
The U.S. showed interest in a canal through Central America, and when the Panamanians seceded from Cuba, a U.S. ship stood by and protected the rebels. The rebels were able to form a new republic under the protection of the U.S, and Panama agreed on a canal treaty soon after. The U.S. in return would guarantee and maintain the independence of Panama.
Roosevelt and his successors William Taft and Woodrow Wilson did not approve of all the revolutionary activity though, and they sent troops to stop revolutions in Nicaragua and Haiti, using military force to setup new governments in those areas. The U.S. military often intervened throughout this hemisphere.
Curran K.
ReplyDeleteVocabulary Mr.Harris
1. Imperialism- When a country expands its borders to other areas.
2. Manifest- Destiny the belief that one country could expand from one sea to another.
3. Annexation- legal incorporation of one territory into another.
4. Nationalism- the attitude of the members of a nation.
5. Human rights- the basic rights in which all humans are entitled, the basic right of an individual.
6. Expansionism- expansionist policies of government, promoted economic growth.
7. Treaty of Paris- treaty that ended the Spanish–American war.
8. Democracy- the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by elected representatives.
9. Foreign policy- A policy governing international relations
10. Discrimination- unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice.
Latin America-National security
ReplyDeletethe Monroe Doctrine:
•The Western Hemisphere was no longer open for colonization
•The political system of the Americas was different from Europe
•The United States would regard any interference in Western hemispheric affairs as a threat to its security
•The United States would refrain from participation in European wars and would not disturb existing colonies in the Western Hemisphere
The United States helped Latin America receive freedom from Columbia., by helping build the Panama Canal. Columbia denied the approval of build it, the president said that the united state would help them if they wanted to fight with Columbia.
The u.s showed interest in the canal and since they helped Latin America, they gave it to the u.s.
Brandon M.
ReplyDeletePer.4
The U.S. Foreign Policy In Regard To Latin America
The United States Government does many things to assure that the country is safe and running smoothly. One of the major factors in keeping the country safe is the government’s foreign policy. The United States’ foreign policy deals with national security, protection of U.S. citizens (in regard to investments, and trade), promotion of democracy, and promotion of human rights and international peace, as well as many more. The U.S. foreign policy protects its citizens in many ways. One of the things our foreign policy does is protect American citizens and investments overseas. When dealing with investments and trade over sea, and with other countries, U.S. citizens are susceptible to criminal and illegal actions. Our foreign policy tries its best to prevent these actions. Another thing that our country does is adopt policies that will promote our country’s economy. For example, after the Spanish American War, President Theodore Roosevelt chose to send troops into Latin American countries. Roosevelt issued a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine to justify this action. Because of the intervention int Latin America, American banks controlled Latin America customs collection and used the money they collected to pay off their debt to other nations. This is an example of how the U.S. adopted policies in order to promote the U.S. economy.
Dan M, Period 5
ReplyDeleteOverall General History of Latin America
By the end of the 19th century the United States had grown across the entire span of the North American continent, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. With no more land left to settle on the western frontier the United States became increasingly interested in the outside world. It was with this new found contact with the world that the United States developed its new foreign policy.
Many presidents were very influential on the expansion of the United States in Latin America. American expansion may have taken its roots in James Monroe’s Monroe Doctrine and the principal of manifest destiny.
However, imperialism truly began with president William McKinley and his involvement in the Spanish American War. With Spain fighting a rebellion in Cuba and the American desire for colonies, McKinley stepped in to try and settle things. But with the publication of an insulting letter about McKinley by the Spanish ambassador and the explosion of the Maine off of Cuba, tensions began to rise. In addition, there came the advent of yellow journalism and the media became very involved with the world affairs of the United States. Journalists such as William Randolph Hearst stirred the war with his paper the New York Journal. Hearst is quoted as saying, "You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war." Eventually McKinley did give in and declared war against Spain. The Spanish American War was a quick win for the United States as Spain was already worn down from fighting with Cuba. As a result, Cuba won independence, and the United States gained Puerto Rico and the island of Guam and eventually Spain surrendered the Philippines for $20 million.
Theodore Roosevelt was also responsible for bringing the Spanish American to a quick end in his formation of the Rough Riders. And even after McKinley was assassinated, President Theodore Roosevelt carried on American imperialism by introducing his own policy the Roosevelt Corollary; an addition to the Monroe Doctrine. He greatly strengthened the United States army and navy and also aided Panama in becoming independent from Columbia in exchange for the construction of the Panama Canal. One Roosevelt’s most notable quotes on foreign policy was “There is a homely old adage which runs: 'Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far.' If the American Nation will speak softly, and yet build, and keep at a pitch of the highest training, a thoroughly efficient navy, the Monroe Doctrine will go far."
President William Howard Taft continued to further America’s economic interests in Latin America with his idea of dollar diplomacy and sent troops to put down revolutions in Nicaragua and Haiti.
Even later Presidents such as John Fitzgerald Kennedy intervened In Latin America introducing the Alliance for Progress to promote cooperation between the United States and Latin America. American involvement in Latin America even continues to this day.
Vocabulary Terms
1. Expansionism- The policy of a nation, spreading its territory or influence.
2. Monroe Doctrine- Declaration by President Monroe in 1823 that the United States would oppose efforts by any outside power to control a nation in the Western Hemisphere and in turn would stay out of European affairs.
3. Manifest Destiny- Belief that the United States was destined to expand across America.
4. Imperialism- The policy of stronger nation to create an empire by dominating weaker nations, economically, politically, culturally, or militarily.
5. Yellow Journalism- Type of newspaper coverage used to gain readers often using exaggerated headlines.
6. Rough Riders- The First U.S. Volunteer Cavalry formed in 1898 before the Spanish American War by Theodore Roosevelt.
7. Roosevelt Corollary-President Theodore Roosevelt’s 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine in which he asserted the right of the United States to intervene in Latin America.
8. Panama Canal- Finished on , it linked the Pacific and Atlantic oceans over the isthmus of Central America and allowed quicker movement of trade and military.
9. Dollar Diplomacy- The aggressive promotion of American foreign policy through the use of American economic investments, particularly in Third World nations.
10. Alliance for Progress- President Kennedy’s proposal for cooperation among nations in the Western Hemisphere to meet the basic needs of their people.
Carly Gerbi pr5
ReplyDeleteProtection of U.S. citizens, investments, and trade.
The administration employed Dollar Diplomacy in two areas, the Caribbean and China. In the Caribbean, Taft and Knox adopted as their model the program instituted by Theodore Roosevelt's administration in the Dominican Republic. Because of political disorder of the state and the fear of foreign intervention in its affairs, in 1905 Roosevelt had negotiated an arrangement by which the Dominican government secured a loan, from American banks to pay off its outstanding debts. In exchange for the loan, the American president was allowed to appoint the head of the customs service which as in all Caribbean states was the chief source of government revenue.
The Good Neighbor Policy 1933 - March 4, 1933, Roosevelt stated "In the field of world policy, I would dedicate this nation to the policy of the good neighbor- the good neighbor who resolutely respects himself and, because he does so, respects the rights of others." He also said "The definite policy of the United States from now on is one opposed to armed intervention”.
In the 1903 treaty with Cuba it gave the United States the right to intervene. Teddy Roosevelt proclaimed that the United States, because it was a civilized nation, it had the right to stop chronic wrongdoing throughout the western hemisphere.