REMINDER FOR ALL POSTINGS:
PLEASE INCLUDE YOUR FIRST NAME, LAST INITIAL, PERIOD NUMBER AND TOPIC:NATIONAL SECURITY
PROTECTION OF U.S. CITIZENS , INVESTMENTS AND TRADE
PROMOTION OF DEMOCRACY
PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL PEACE
PLEASE INCLUDE YOUR FIRST NAME, LAST INITIAL, PERIOD NUMBER AND TOPIC:NATIONAL SECURITY
PROTECTION OF U.S. CITIZENS , INVESTMENTS AND TRADE
PROMOTION OF DEMOCRACY
PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL PEACE
Matt L Period 4
ReplyDeleteProtection of U.S. Citizens, Investment, and Trade
The United States government acts to protect American citizens and investments overseas. Many foreign countries have old concerns or problems with the United States and we fought for our right and a way to keep the American citizens safe. The United States government also adopts policies that promote our economy. We wanted natural resources that Japan had that we wanted and needed for our own good.
A United States naval officer, Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry, negotiated tirelessly for several months with Japanese officials to achieve the goal of opening the doors of trade with Japan. Japan shut down their ports for many reasons and kept our many foreign countries. There were a few that were in peace with Japan including the Dutch and the Chinese. In addition to interest in the Japanese market, America needed Japanese ports to replenish coal and supplies for the commercial whaling fleet. On July 8,1853 four black ships led by USS Powhatan and commanded by Commodore Matthew Perry, anchored at Edo (Tokyo) Bay. Never before had the Japanese seen ships steaming with smoke. They thought the ships were "giant dragons puffing smoke." They did not know that steamboats existed and were shocked by the number and size of the guns on board the ships.
Commodore Matthew C. Perry was given a letter from The United States Predisent, Millard Fillmore, to give to the emperor of Japan. He didn’t want to give the letter to anyone lower then the emperor and waited in his steamboat with his heavy ammunititon ready to fire. The Japanese government realized that their country was in no position to defend itself against a foreign power, and Japan could not retain its isolation policy without risking war. On March 31, 1854, after weeks of long and tiresome talks, Perry received what he had so dearly worked for--a treaty with Japan. This treaty was called the Treaty/Convention of Kanagawa. This treaty opened the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate. This treaty provided for: 1: Peace and friendship between Japan and the United States. 2: Help for any American ships wrecked on the Japanese coast and protection for shipwrecked people. And 3: Permission for American ships to buy supplies, coal, water, and other necessary provisions in Japanese ports.
Commodore Matthew C. Perry was a significant figure in our country’s history. He opened up trade with Japan and received the natural resources that our country needed. Perry also saved our country from an attack by Japan and helped expand our trade. This was a form of imperialism on the United States part.
Taylor C. Period 4
ReplyDeleteOverall General History Page.
U.S. imperialism in Japan.
Imperialism became a more prominent issue in the United States throughout the 19th century, as the issue of imperialism rose, there were many important topics following it, matters such as national security, the promotion of United States citizens, investments, and trade, promotion of democracy as well as the promotion of human rights and international peace all became divisive issues concerning the country’s desire. One of the many areas the United States drove to imperialize was the pacific, specifically Japan, who had a closed door trading policy. The United States wished to change this policy by signing a treaty with Japan, which Commodore Matthew Perry was eventually able to do following his distinguished naval career. At the time of United States imperialism in Japan Millard Fillmore was the president. With interest in Japanese markets, a desire to open Japan for trade as well as the United States need to use Japanese ports to replenish coal and supplies for commercial whaling fleet Japan was a prime target for United States imperialism.
During the time the United States began its imperialism in Japan there was a series of significant events taking place mostly in Japan. The Meiji restoration was taking place in Japan and this acted a serious turning point for Japan during this time period, this occurred with the intrusion of the west in Japan. The Tokugawa Shogunate was eventually overthrown after western nations were allowed into Japan. With the Meiji Restoration Japanese scholars were sent abroad to become educated about the west. This led to the abandonment of Feudalism and the adopting of a constitution in Japan. Japan became able to industrialize following their adopting of western technologies. Following the Meiji Restoration Japan was no longer an appeasing nation to be imperialized, but they themselves began imperialistic quests.
Another thing taking place during and following the time of imperialism in Japan was the Sino Japanese War, while the Japanese engaged the Chinese for natural resources and trading rights to central Asia. Japan would eventually emerge as a world power utilizing western technology and methods while maintaining traditional values. Following Perry’s expeditions in Japan and various attempts at changing Japanese foreign policy through numerous tactics; Perry returned to Japan with a fleet of five ships in an attempt to intimidate Tokugawa officials. His tactic worked and this led to the signing of the treaty between the nations. Although the Japanese were weary of contact with western nations it would eventually become a huge part of Japanese life in the 19th century, and at the time of his expeditions Commodore Matthew Perry changed United States and Japanese foreign policy forever.
National Security and Japan (20th Century)
ReplyDeleteDan Scozzari p.3
In the early 1900’s the United States was the most power military presence in the world, so much that the United States dispatched a whole white fleet of battle ships to navigate the United States, and the pacific ocean, in essence showing the US naval prowess in the world. However, an increasingly aggressive Japan is endeavored on a campaign throughout the pacific, in close proximity to American imperial colonies
It became apparent to the US that Japan having just come out of war with Russia in 1905, that Japan was not necessarily a direct threat to the United States, but was certainly becoming more of an aggressive power at the world’s stage. It became apparent to Theodore Roosevelt through the fleets travels through the pacific, that in the event that the Japanese became aggressive towards the US. Pacific outposts could not adequately fuel ships, and American bases in the Philippines, could not be ready to effectively defend itself from the increasingly aggressive, and expanding Japan.
In national security’s interest, War Plan Orange was created in order to establish a clear strategy in the event of a Japanese attack on American colonies. The plan described 3 stages of campaign against Japan. Phase 1 would concentrate naval ships in pacific bases in preparation for phase 2. In phase 2 the US would use that naval, and air prowess to capture Japanese islands, in which ships would have easy access to Japan’s primary bases. Phase 3 entailed the actual seizing of Japanese bases, and the actual invasion of Japan.
Certain members in the US government actually had ideas to quell Japanese expansion Manchuria do to its increasing proximity to US colonies. However, president TR and his cabinet in interest of national security did not support this measure; war was simply at the moment not in the interest of preserving the US as a prominent power in the pacific.
TR in addition to preventing a campaign in Manchuria also sought to relieve tensions with Japan through “The Gentlemen’s Agreement of 1907” in which certain schools in San Francisco were segregating Japanese Americans. Japan became angered by this and soon denied American Laborers from entering Japan. The Gentlemen’s agreement essentially ended this by revoking the segregation in the schools, and in addition, preserved the right for the US to deny the immigration of Japanese workers who had passports to other countries not the United States. Japan was also required to deny laborers passports from entering the US as well, in that it would be mutual. From this act, the United States would not further discriminate against Japanese immigrants.
Rebecca K
ReplyDeletePeriod 3
Japanese General Information
The Emperor during the time of imperialism was Emperor Mr. K Matsui, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. Events going on during this time were the Treaty of Trianon. This was a peace treaty that finished the end of WWI by the allies of WWI. Things related to this were the Gentlemen’s Agreement of 1907. This was an agreement between the Untied States and The Empire of Japan where the United States would not impose restriction on Japanese immigration or students, and Japan would not allow anymore immigration in the Unite States. Japan refused to trade with Russian ships. The American merchant ship Morrison arrived in Japan and shipwrecked Japanese sailors. Commodore Perry demanded Japan to open trade. Perry was an American commodore who led an expedition to open diplomatic and commercial relations with Japan. Perry secured the Kanawaga Treaty, which provided assistance for shipwrecked American sailors, and open two ports for coal and supplies. The treaty paved a way for diplomatic and trade missions from Europe, and the opening of Japan Japan began to modernize in the late 1800s. Japan got most of their resources from the United States. Japan was had a security treaty with the United States, this was important to the peace and stability of East Asia. The medias take on the opening of Japan was that they though tit was good for Japan to do this so they could be more modernized.
Taylor C. Period 4
ReplyDeleteVocabulary List
1. Commodore Matthew Perry: Matthew Perry was the commodore of the United States navy, who would eventually compel the opening of Japan and the changing of their foreign policy.
2. Imperialism: a policy of extending your rule over foreign countries. The United States began practicing this aggressively during this time period.
3. Millard Fillmore: Served as president of the United States during the time of United States imperialism in Japan. Sent Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan to rethink their foreign policy.
4. Feudalism: social system based on personal ownership of resources and personal fealty between a suzerain (lord) and a vassal (subject). Used in Japan prior to intrusion of the United States, years after Commodore Perry’s visit to Japan feudalism would be abandoned as Japan opened themselves to western technologies.
5. Meiji Restoration: The Restoration (1868) marked the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate, when power was fully restored to the emperor. This was taking place at the time of United States imperialism in Japan.
6. Tokugawa Shogunate: The Tokugawa Shogunate was a feudal military dictatorship in Japan that lasted for almost three hundred years, from 1603 to 1868. The period which the Tokugawa Shogunate was in effect for is referred to as the Edo Period.
7. Sino Japanese War: Japan’s imperialistic war against China to gain control of natural resources and markets for their goods. This would eventually help Japan to emerge as a world power at this time.
8. Russo Japanese War: Japanese victory in the war with Russia (1904-1905) gave Japan power over Korea and Manchuria. The continuance of Japanese imperialistic quests.
9. Treaty of Portsmouth: A 1905 treaty earning Japan:
Chinese port city trading rights; Control of Manchuria in China; Korea became its protectorate; Annexation of the island of Sakhalin
10. Protectorate: A country or region that is controlled by a more powerful country.
Matt L Period 4
ReplyDeleteDiplomacy- the practice of conducting negotiations between nations.
Feudal State- a system of political organization in which a lord and his vassals hold land with tenants working the land and paying fees to the lord for protection.
Isolationism- a policy of prohibiting alliances and other international political and economic relations with other countries.
Convention of Kanawaga- was concluded between Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy and the Empire of Japan. The treaty opened the Japanese ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to United States trade, guaranteed the safety of shipwrecked U.S. sailors and established a permanent consul.
Keight W.
ReplyDeleteMr. Harris
In Japan human rights and international peace changed greatly in the mid to late 1800’s. The United States help change it for the better. Before the U.S. influence Japan criminal system was criticized on many levels. For example Japanese police have the right to detain suspects for a long period. Although torture is rarely reported, this put suspects under psychological pressure to confess. Humans were not treated like humans they treated like animals and had no rights as humans.
There were many reforms under the Meiji. They [the new government] faced a huge task. They were committed to replacing the rigid feudal order with a completely new political and social system and to building a modern industrial economy. Change didn’t come easy but Japan excepted foreign ideas amazing fast. They created a strong central government equal to those of the western world.
To get the industries started the government typically built factories and sold them to large business owners who developed them further. With the support of the gods of business like the Rockefellers in the United States the Japanese industries boomed. With this people were getting more jobs and life was beginning to look up for the Japanese people.
After the newly written constitution loosely based off our [the united states] constitution there were many more wonderful social changes. The government set up schools and universities. The government also hired westerns to teach the new generation modern technology. Although the women were still considered secondary citizens they were aloud to go to schools and get jobs.
So does this sound fimilar? It should the Untied States went through the same thing less then 50 years back. The U.S. has taken a great responsibility in shaping and creating Japan to what it is today.
Ryan Dunleavy
ReplyDeleteHistory project
•U.S. sent a fleet of ships under the command of Commodore Mathew Perry to Japan in order to end the nation’s self-imposed isolation and open it to trade. Eventually the British, Russia, and Holland negotiated treaties.
•The Meiji Restoration played a big role during this time period. The Meiji Restoration was when the Japan had to adopt more western ways in order to withstand the imperialistic might of the west.
-During the last half of the nineteenth century, the Western imperialist powers of England, France, and Germany established the model for acquisition of colonies in Asia and for the partition of China into spheres of influence.
•The four theories to be reviewed will be Hobson's theory of domestic market under consumption that leads to capitalists seeking profits overseas, Lenin's theory of the monopoly stage of capitalism, Schumpeter's theory of inherited warlike tendencies from prior generations, and nationalism's focus on politics as the critical factor.
•Imperialism can be defined as direct or indirect domination of an industrialized country over a colonial territory or another country. Although the theories of Hobson, Lenin, and Schumpeter generally focus on imperialism of European powers, especially Great Britain, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
•These three theories and the theory of nationalism have been subjected to various criticisms, but proponents still exist for each one.
•Schumpeter's "idea still has a large following" (Howard and King 2000, 19), and there have always been numerous supporters for Lenin's theory and the nationalist theory.
Kim M
ReplyDeletePeriod: 5
On March 31 1854 representatives of Japan and the United States signed a treaty. Commodore Matthew Perry a United States naval officer, negotiated for several months with Japanese officials to achieve the goal of opening the doors of trade with Japan. The United States hoped Japan would agree to open certain ports so American vessels could begin to trade. America needed Japanese ports to replenish coal and supplies for the commercial fleet. On July 8, 1853 four black ships led by USS Powhatan and commanded by Commodore Matthew Perry, anchored at Edo Bay.
Matthew Perry had a distinguished naval career. He knew that the mission to Japan would be his most significant accomplishment. He brought a letter from the President of the United States, Millard Fillmore, to the Emperor of Japan. He waited with his armed ships and refused to see any of the lesser dignitaries sent by the Japanese, insisting on dealing only with the highest emissaries of the Emperor.
The Japanese government realized that their country was in no position to defend itself against a foreign power, and Japan could not retain its isolation policy without risking war. Commodore Perry broke down barriers that separated Japan from the rest of the world. On March 31, 1854, Perry received what he had worked for a treaty with Japan. The treaty provided for:
1.Peace and friendship between the United States and Japan.
2.Opening of two ports to American ships at Shimoda and Hakodate
3.Help for any American ships wrecked on the Japanese coast and protection for shipwrecked persons
4.Permission for American ships to buy supplies, coal, water, and other necessary provisions in Japanese ports.
Vocabulary:
1. Diplomacy- The practice of conducting negotiations between nations.
2. Feudal State- A system of political organization in which a lord and his vassals hold land with tenants working the land and paying fees to the lord for protection.
3. Isolationism- A policy of prohibiting alliances and other international political and economic relations with other countries.
Jess D.
ReplyDeleteperiod 3
Promotion of Democracy
In 1853, under the command of Commodore Mathew Perry, the U.S. sent a fleet of ships to Japan to end the nations self-imposed isolation and to open it up to trade. The U.S. intruding on Japan, would become a turning point for feudal Japan. The Tokugawa Shogunate, which was Japans class system, was criticized and eventually overthrown for allowing western nations into Japan. In 1868, Emperor Mutsushito was restored to the throne and decided that Japan would need to adopt western ways in order to withstand the imperialistic might of the west. This movement would be known as the Meiji Restoration.
A constitution and modern mechanized armed forces soon replaced Feudalism in Japan, and Japanese scholars were sent abroad to learn as much as possible about the west. Within 50 years the Japanese were fully industrialized by adopting western technology. Japan no longer feared they would be imperialized by the end of the Meiji Restoration and set out to practice imperialism themselves.
Chris A. Period 4
ReplyDeleteNational Security
Japan’s history before the 19th century showed a very strong penchant towards isolationism. Japan had asserted its seclusion through their Sakoku Seclusion Policy which asserted that any foreigner who entered Japanese territories or any Japanese who left the country would be punished with death. This policy set a very assertive policy of isolationism in which any foreign relations were cut off. Japan believed that deterring any associations to foreign nation would inhibit or mitigate the degree of wars and external conflicts that would occur. This isolation policy was enforced and created by the ruling power in Japan, the Tokugawa Shogunate, under the rule of Tokugawa Lemitsu.
This policy had been in effect for over 200 years until America began to intervene in Japan’s affairs and started sending trade ships to Japanese ports. The shogunate ordered for the capture of US merchants and they were to be placed under Japanese seizure until America relieved Japan of their imperialistic actions. However, in response to Tokugawa’s actions, on July 8, 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry and a fleet of 8 large black ships landed at Edo port in Japan to assert America’s intentions. Japan, afraid of America’s power, was forced to yield. They signed ‘The Treaty of Peace and Amnesty.’ This treaty officially opened up Japanese ports for trade with America. Japan was forced to maintain their policy of peace by conceding to America’s will.
Japan in the 19th century had a very isolated policy to ensure National Security. However, upon threats from foreign nations, Japan was forced to open its ports in order to preserve their peaceful policy. When trade between US and Japan increased, Japan began their industrial revolution and began utilizing many aspects of western life into their culture. Thus, began a century of imperialism by the Japanese. In which, they conquered Korea years later.
T.J. S Period 5
ReplyDeleteNational Security of Japan
Commodore Mathew Perry is responsible for opening trade with Japan in 1854. After several months of negotiating with the Japanese Mathew Perry was able to convince the foreign country to open its doors and trade with the United States. This historic event took place on March 31 of 1854. During this time period, Franklin Pierce was the president of the United States. He allowed Mathew Perry to use all the force he had to persuade the Japanese in opening trade with America. This served as a major milestone in world history. This event marked the first time that a Western nation established relations with Japan since it had been declared closed to foreigners two centuries before. Only the Dutch and the Chinese were allowed to continue trade with Japan after 1639 but this trade was restricted and confined to the island of Dejima at Nagasaki. This affair would start a trend creating new security issues for the United States for years to come.
Throughout this era of new exploration in Japan there were various concerns, both at home and abroad, that were being dealt with by countries and their leaders. The largest event taking place abroad was a large war between several powerful countries of that era. Russia had been involved in a war with the Ottoman Empire since 1853 when France and Great Britain declared war on Russia in March of 1854. This caused chaos in the East as well as Europe which might have helped with the United States’ achievements with Japan. This event, had it taken a different route, could have also had a drastic effect on America’s wellbeing and its security as a whole. The United States was going through a period in which the country was still developing on internally. These lead too many affairs which helped the country come to the powerful state that it is presently in. Not only was the United States opening up an entirely new country to trade but turmoil was sweeping the nation. Congress was forced to pass the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854 in order to solve the issue of slavery that was tearing the country apart. This was the last of the acts controlling the issue of slavery. Also in 1854, congress passed the Confiscation Act. This was an act permitting seizure of property, including slaves, being used to support insurrection during the American Civil War.
Our involvement with Japan had a lasting impact on our country including growth, national security and foreign policy. That time period changed the course of our country that had positives and negatives. America was able to trade goods with Japan but at the same time had to worry about how involved it held its attachment with its new trading partner. Affairs both foreign and domestic also had an effect on America’s security. At this time the United States was in a state of turmoil and if any of the world affairs would have taken a different turn America might have been weakened. This could have had lasting effects on our countries state for centuries.
TJ S Period 5
ReplyDelete1.) Protectorate- A country or region that is controlled by a more powerful country.
2.) Commodore Mathew Perry- The commodore of the United States navy, who would eventually compel the opening of Japan and the changing of their foreign policy.
3.) Franklin Pierce- Was the 14th President of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857, an American politician and lawyer. To date, he is the only President from New Hampshire.
4.) Ottoman Empire- Also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or was an empire that lasted from 1299–1923. It was succeeded by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923.
5.) Tokugawa Shogunate- Also known as the Tokugawa bakufu, and the Edo bakufu, was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family. This period is known as the Edo period and gets its name from the capital city of Edo, now Tokyo. The Tokugawa shogunate ruled from Edo Castle from 1603 until 1868, when it was abolished during the Meiji Restoration.
6.) Treaty of Portsmouth- Formally ended the 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on September 5, 1905 after negotiations at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard near Portsmouth, New Hampshire in the United States.
7.) The Crimean War- Also known in Russia as the Oriental War (October 1853–February 1856) was fought between the Russian Empire on one side and an alliance of France, the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of Sardinia, and the Ottoman Empire on the other.
8.) Feudalism- Social system based on personal ownership of resources and personal fealty between a lord and a subject. Used in Japan prior to intrusion of the United States.
9.) The Dutch- Are the people native to the Netherlands, a country in north-western Europe.
10.) Kansas-Nebraska Act- Created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries.